How did the Council of Florence attempt to resolve the schism between East and West?

The Council of Florence sought to address the schism between the Eastern Orthodox and Western Catholic churches by creating a formula for union. This formula was intended to provide a basis for reconciliation between the two traditions, which had been divided primarily over theological disputes and ecclesiastical authority. The council facilitated dialogues that aimed to find common ground on critical issues such as the nature of the Holy Spirit and the understanding of the sacraments.

In the context of this council, the emphasis on a formula for union represented an effort to incorporate both schools of thought and propose a unified approach to faith that would be acceptable to both parties. It attempted to establish a mutual understanding and a cooperative relationship by addressing the distinct theological concerns of each side, which included the Filioque controversy and the role of the pope.

Other options mentioned—such as reaffirming papal authority, emphasizing tradition, and establishing new doctrines—do reflect aspects of the church's ongoing mission but were not the primary focus of the council’s action toward resolving the schism. Instead, the goal was to foster unity through dialogue and agreement on a shared expression of faith, making the creation of a formula for union the central aspect of the Council of Florence's efforts to bridge the divide between East and West.