Which ecclesiastical body was primarily involved in discussions during the Second Vatican Council?

The Bishops were the primary ecclesiastical body involved in the discussions during the Second Vatican Council (1962-1965). This council was significant because it represented a gathering of bishops from around the world, convened to address contemporary issues in the Church and the world. The bishops participated in discussions that led to vital documents covering various aspects of Church doctrine, ecumenism, liturgy, and the role of the Church in the modern world.

In this context, the bishops played a crucial role not only in making decisions but also in shaping the direction of the Church's mission going forward. They brought diverse perspectives from their respective regions, reflecting the universal nature of the Church. This was a notable change compared to previous councils, as the Second Vatican Council emphasized collegiality among bishops and the importance of their collective input in guiding the Church.

While other groups, such as the laity, theologians, and even the College of Cardinals, contributed to the discussions—often providing valuable insights and support—the bishops were the central figures tasked with formulating and producing the official outcomes of the council. This emphasis on the bishops is what makes their role during the Second Vatican Council particularly notable in Church history.