Who convened the Council of Chalcedon in 451 AD?

The Council of Chalcedon, which took place in 451 AD, was convened by Emperor Marcian. He played a significant role in the assembly of this ecumenical council, which was crucial for addressing the theological disputes surrounding the nature of Christ and the growing divisions within the Church at the time. The council ultimately resulted in the Chalcedonian Definition, which affirmed that Christ exists in two natures, divine and human, united in one person.

Emperor Marcian's motivation in convening this council was to stabilize the Church and promote unity, particularly against the backdrop of the Nestorian and Monophysite controversies. His authority was pivotal in the gathering of bishops and church leaders for this significant theological event, demonstrating the intertwined nature of ecclesiastical and imperial power during this period. This context highlights Marcian's centrality in the event, distinguishing him as the primary convenor rather than other figures associated with the Church or earlier councils.